ci-cd/md/版本仓库.md

<h1><center>版本仓库</center></h1>

**作者：行癫（盗版必究）**

------

## 一：Git、Github、Gitlab 的区别

​		Git是版本控制系统

​		Github是在线的基于Git的代码托管服务，GitHub提供付费账户和免费账户，都可以创建公开的代码仓库，可以创建私有的代码仓库

​		Gitlab 创建免费的私人仓库

## 二：Git简介

#### 1.GIt介绍

​		Git是一个开源的分布式版本控制系统，用于敏捷高效地处理任何或小或大的项目

​		Git 是 Linus Torvalds 为了帮助管理 Linux 内核开发而开发的一个开放源码的版本控制软件

​		Git 与常用的版本控制工具 CVS, Subversion 等不同，它采用了分布式版本库的方式，不必服务器端软件支持

#### 2.Git工作流程

​		克隆 Git 资源作为工作目录

​		在克隆的资源上添加或修改文件

​		如果其他人修改了，你可以更新资源

​		在提交前查看修改

​		提交修改

​		在修改完成后，如果发现错误，可以撤回提交并再次修改并提交

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622135814482.png" alt="image-20220622135814482" style="zoom:50%;" />

#### 3.git的工作区、暂存区和版本库

​		工作区：就是你在电脑里能看到的目录

​		暂存区：英文叫stage, 或index。一般存放在"git目录"下的index文件（.git/index）中，所以我们把暂存区有时也叫作索引（index）

​		版本库：工作区有一个隐藏目录.git，这个不算工作区，而是Git的版本库

​                 ![img](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/dnRUEOrwFBKKhx2PCx9LdA.png)        

#### 4.Git安装

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# yum -y install git curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel git-core
```

## 三：Git使用

​		Git 提供了一个叫做 git config 的工具，专门用来配置或读取相应的工作环境变量

​		这些环境变量，决定了 Git 在各个环节的具体工作方式和行为。这些变量可以存放在以下三个不同的地方：

​				/etc/gitconfig 文件：系统中对所有用户都普遍适用的配置。若使用 git config 时用 --system 选项，读写的就是这个文件

​				~/.gitconfig 文件：用户目录下的配置文件只适用于该用户。若使用 git config 时用 --global 选项，读写的就是这个文件

​				当前项目的 Git 目录中的配置文件（也就是工作目录中的 .git/config 文件）：这里的配置仅仅针对当前项目有效

#### 1.Git用户信息

​		配置个人的用户名称和电子邮件地址：

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git config --global user.name "xingdian"
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git config --global user.email "xingdian@1000phone.com"
```

#### 2.查看配置信息

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git config --list
user.name=xingdian
user.email=xingdian@1000phone.com
```

​		这些配置我们也可以在 ~/.gitconfig 或 /etc/gitconfig 看到，如下所示：

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# cat ~/.gitconfig
[user]
	name = xingdian
	email = xingdian@1000phone.com
```

注意：

```shell
git config --global 参数
取消代理：
	git config --global --unset http.proxy
	git config --global --unset https.proxy
设置代理：
	git config --global http.proxy http://domain.local\vsilva:Passw0rd@proxyServer:8080
出现各种 SSL certificate problem 的解决办法：
	git config --global http.sslVerify false
```

#### 3.常用的git 命令

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git init
# 初始化 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git add main.cpp
# 将某一个文件添加到暂存区 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git add . 
# 将文件夹下的所有的文件添加到暂存区 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git commit -m 'note'
# 将暂存区中的文件保存成为某一个版本 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git log
# 查看所有的版本日志 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git status
# 查看现在暂存区的状况 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git diff
# 查看现在文件与上一个提交-commit版本的区别 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git reset --hard HEAD^
# 回到上一个版本 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git reset --hard XXXXX
# XXX为版本编号，回到某一个版本 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git pull origin master
# 从主分支pull到本地 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git push -u origin master
# 从本地push到主分支 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git pull
# pull默认主分支 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git push
# push默认主分支 ...
```

#### 4.Git使用

​		ssh 链接：

​				客户机上产生公钥上传到gitlab的SSH-Keys里，git clone下载和git push上传都没问题，这种方式很安全

​		ssh连接github：

​				登录github,这是github的主页(如果没有账户需要注册)

Git服务器生成秘钥：

```shell
[root@xingdian ~]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:S/zPOA+wrn/FOnpnFzQponuXzDYDoIFpYTxWeiGKC7g root@xingdian
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|   ...o          |
|.. .*o .         |
|+ .o.=.        . |
|.o  +.... . . +  |
|E  .   oSo o o . |
|      ...=. o .  |
|        o.o* . . |
|       .. B=@ .  |
|      .o+=.O++   |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@xingdian ~]# cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDjwGC9van2xd2e2u1769g/SZfJadkC2qXwSMy1yQ9xK8FTMfEXV0X6NTGTu4ZIaj9Jjcq2RjUn9QsS2EEePiAZykki7jOcZAxckY/s9iOS2F10wnTGrSpvUjBh3fpziS5c0HB7ejUsonm/jm/BQqwQ9abdWsFJvombdiDifVSYU9s4SbmAjU4gdtgYYxM5vCnGdfCy06grj25lkmYSnQDqDWW2W8a2nPe1UYliBugh2EcTUi2vCnrM6/Jj3P1f3VyB0Y8MXvybksi9oHTqaOA6t8cdArw19nZ0IEy7vffVTUcTNw1gg4UHgb4s5zWHeOnNCFFKDJfLH80CCORoQuut root@xingdian
```

Github添加Git服务器秘钥：

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622145317159.png" alt="image-20220622145317159" style="zoom:50%;" />

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622145431860.png" alt="image-20220622145431860" style="zoom:50%;" />

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622145511169.png" alt="image-20220622145511169" style="zoom:50%;" />

Github创建仓库：

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622145700668.png" alt="image-20220622145700668" style="zoom:50%;" />

![image-20220622145819078](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622145819078.png)

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622145843179.png" alt="image-20220622145843179" style="zoom:50%;" />

git服务器上创建项目并上传到github：

```
[root@xingdian-cloud opt]# mkdir a
[root@xingdian-cloud opt]# cd a
[root@xingdian-cloud a]# git remote add origin git@github.com:blackmed/xingdiancloud-test.git
[root@xingdian-cloud a]# echo "hello xingdian" > xingdian
[root@xingdian-cloud a]# git add .
[root@xingdian-cloud a]# git commit -m "hello"
[master (root-commit) ec3f424] hello
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 xingdian
[root@xingdian-cloud a]# git push -u origin master
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,20.205.243.166' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Counting objects: 3, done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 221 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote:
remote: Create a pull request for 'master' on GitHub by visiting:
remote:      https://github.com/blackmed/xingdiancloud-test/pull/new/master
remote:
To git@github.com:blackmed/xingdiancloud-test.git
 * [new branch]      master -> master
Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.
```

github查看：

![image-20220622161013603](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622161013603.png)

![image-20220622161234927](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622161234927.png)

注意：这样上传到github的分支不能跟main分支合并

#### 5.版本穿梭

版本回退：

```shell
# 用 git log 命令查看：
# 每一个提交的版本都唯一对应一个 commit 版本号，
# 使用 git reset 命令退到上一个版本：
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git reset --hard HEAD^
```

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git reflog 
# 查看命令历史，以便确定要回到哪个版本
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git reset --hard commit_id    
# 比如git reset --hard 3628164

消失的ID号：
回到早期的版本后再查看git log会发现最近的版本消失，可以使用reflog查看消失的版本ID，用于回退到消失的版本
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git reflog
```

#### 6.分支管理

创建分支：

```
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git checkout -b dev     #创建dev分支，然后切换到dev分支
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git checkout   #命令加上-b参数表示创建并切换，相当于以下两条命令：
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git branch dev 
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git branch              #命令查看当前分支,
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git branch              #命令会列出所有分支，当前分支前面会标一个*号
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git branch 
* dev   master
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git add readme.txt 
git commit -m "branch test"  # 在dev分支上正常提交.
```

分支切换：

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git checkout master     # 切换回master分支
# 查看一个readme.txt文件，刚才添加的内容不见了，因为那个提交是在dev分支上，而master分支此刻的提交点并没有变 
```

合并分支：

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git merge dev           # 把dev分支的工作成果合并到master分支上
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git merge               # 命令用于合并指定分支到当前分支。
# 合并后，再查看readme.txt的内容，就可以看到，和dev分支的最新提交是完全一样的。
```

删除分支：

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# git branch -d dev       #删除dev分支了：
删除后，查看branch，就只剩下master分支了.
```

#### 7.github分支管理

注意：github默认的分支是main而不是master

创建项目：

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165005947.png" alt="image-20220622165005947" style="zoom:50%;" />

创建分支：

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165323873.png" alt="image-20220622165323873" style="zoom:50%;" />

![image-20220622165356611](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165356611.png)

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165442604.png" alt="image-20220622165442604" style="zoom:50%;" />


新分支创建文件：

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165459895.png" alt="image-20220622165459895" style="zoom:50%;" />

![image-20220622165545788](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165545788.png)

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165616021.png" alt="image-20220622165616021" style="zoom:50%;" />

分支合并：

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165629824.png" alt="image-20220622165629824" style="zoom:50%;" />

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165708029.png" alt="image-20220622165708029" style="zoom:50%;" />

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165729534.png" alt="image-20220622165729534" style="zoom:50%;" />

<img src="%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93.assets/image-20220622165753134.png" alt="image-20220622165753134" style="zoom:50%;" />

main分支验证是否合并成功：

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622165838735.png" alt="image-20220622165838735" style="zoom:50%;" />

#### 8.使用github上的项目

注意：

​		前期的配置略

下载仓库到本地：

```shell
[root@xingdian-cloud opt]# git clone git@github.com:blackmed/xingdiancloud-dian.git
Cloning into 'xingdiancloud-dian'...
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,20.205.243.166' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
remote: Enumerating objects: 7, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (7/7), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
remote: Total 7 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (7/7), done.
[root@xingdian-cloud opt]# ls
xingdiancloud-dian
```

进入工作目录，模拟代码更新：

```shell
[root@xingdian-cloud opt]# cd xingdiancloud-dian/
[root@xingdian-cloud xingdiancloud-dian]# ls
diandian  README.md
[root@xingdian-cloud xingdiancloud-dian]# echo "diange is very good" > xingdian
[root@xingdian-cloud xingdiancloud-dian]# git add .
[root@xingdian-cloud xingdiancloud-dian]# git commit -m "this is diange"
[main 73139aa] this is diange
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 xingdian
[root@xingdian-cloud xingdiancloud-dian]# git push -u origin main
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,20.205.243.166' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Counting objects: 4, done.
Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 322 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@github.com:blackmed/xingdiancloud-dian.git
   ec322d0..73139aa  main -> main
Branch main set up to track remote branch main from origin.
```

github验证：

<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220622170829984.png" alt="image-20220622170829984" style="zoom:50%;" />

## 四：Gitlab部署与使用

#### 1.资源环境

| 主机名 |   IP地址   |   服务   |
| :----: | :--------: | :------: |
| gitlab | 10.0.0.110 | gitab-ce |

#### 2.环境部署

​		修改主机名：

```shell
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl --static set-hostname cicd-gitlab
```

​		关闭防火墙和selinux：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]#  systemctl stop iptables firewalld
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]#  systemctl disable iptables firewalld
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]#  setenforce 0
```

​		开启邮件服务：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# systemctl start postfix
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# systemctl enable postfix
```

​		添加本地解析：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# vim /etc/hosts
10.0.1.86 gitlab.qfedu.com
```

#### 3.安装gitlab依赖包

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# yum install -y curl openssh-server openssh-clients postfix cronie policycoreutils-python
```

#### 4.添加gitlab安装源

```shell
阿里源
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/gitlab-ce.repo
[gitlab-ce]
name=gitlab-ce
baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7
Repo_gpgcheck=0
Enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
清华源:
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# vim gitlab-ce.repo
[gitlab-ce]
name=Gitlab CE Repository
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el$releasever/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# vim gitlab-ee.repo
[gitlab-ee]
name=Gitlab EE Repository
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ee/yum/el$releasever/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
官方源:
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# vim runner_gitlab-ci-multi-runner.repo
[runner_gitlab-ci-multi-runner]
name=runner_gitlab-ci-multi-runner
baseurl=https://packages.gitlab.com/runner/gitlab-ci-multi-runner/el/7/$basearch
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://packages.gitlab.com/runner/gitlab-ci-multi-runner/gpgkey
sslverify=1
sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
metadata_expire=300

[runner_gitlab-ci-multi-runner-source]
name=runner_gitlab-ci-multi-runner-source
baseurl=https://packages.gitlab.com/runner/gitlab-ci-multi-runner/el/7/SRPMS
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://packages.gitlab.com/runner/gitlab-ci-multi-runner/gpgkey
sslverify=1
sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
metadata_expire=300
```

5.安装gitlab

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# yum -y install gitlab-ce 
# 自动安装最新版
```

#### 6.查看gitlab版本

```shell
[root@xingdian-git ~]# head -1 /opt/gitlab/version-manifest.txt
gitlab-ce 13.6.1
```

#### 7.Gitlab 配置登录链接

```shell
#设置登录链接
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
***
## GitLab URL
##! URL on which GitLab will be reachable.
##! For more details on configuring external_url see:
##! https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/configuration.html#configuring-the-external-url-for-gitlab
# 没有域名，可以设置为本机IP地址
external_url 'http://10.0.1.86'
***
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# grep "^external_url" /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
external_url 'http://10.0.1.86'     #绑定监听的域名或IP
```

#### 8.初始化 Gitlab

```shell
 [root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure   
.....
```

#### 9.启动 Gitlab 服务

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl start

[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# lsof -i:80
COMMAND   PID       USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
nginx   22500       root    7u  IPv4  50923      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
nginx   22501 gitlab-www    7u  IPv4  50923      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
```

#### 10.Gitlab服务管理

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl start # 启动所有 gitlab 组件；
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl stop   # 停止所有 gitlab 组件；
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl restart # 重启所有 gitlab 组件；
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl status    # 查看服务状态；
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure    # 初始化服务；
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb   # 修改默认的配置文件；
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl tail    # 查看日志；
```

11.登录Gitlab

​		在浏览器中输入 http://10.0.0.110，然后 change password:  ，并使用root用户登录 即可 (后续动作根据提示操作)

```shell
1. 执行命令, 进入交互界面
gitlab-rails console -e production
2. 执行如下命令, 修改root密码为你想要的密码, 无需重启即可完成设置
u=User.where(id:1).first # u定义为root用户 
u.password='你的密码' # 设置root密码, 注意需要符合密码强度 
u.password_confirmation='你的密码' # 确认当前密码 
u.save! # 保存操作 
quit # 退出交互界面
```

设置中文：

![img](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/E0dN8g2Is23hq_Rbnq0FsA.png)        

#### 11.Gitlab部署https方式

​		创建私有密钥：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# mkdir -p /etc/gitlab/ssl
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# openssl genrsa -out "/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.key"  2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
...............+++
...............................................................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
```

​		创建私有证书：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# openssl req -new -key "/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.key"  -out "/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.csr"
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:cn
State or Province Name (full name) []:sh
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:sh
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:  #输入空格，然后回车
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:  #输入空格，然后回车
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:gitlab.example.com
Email Address []:admin@example.com

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:123456
An optional company name []:  #直接回车
查看
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# ll /etc/gitlab/ssl/
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1066 Jan  2 15:32 gitlab.example.com.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1679 Jan  2 15:30 gitlab.example.com.key
```

​		创建CRT签署证书：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in "/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.csr" -signkey "/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.key" -out "/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.crt"
Signature ok
subject=/C=cn/ST=sh/L=sh/O= /OU= /CN=gitlab.example.com/emailAddress=admin@example.com
Getting Private key
查看
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# ll /etc/gitlab/ssl/
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1265 Jan  2 15:39 gitlab.example.com.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1066 Jan  2 15:32 gitlab.example.com.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1679 Jan  2 15:30 gitlab.example.com.key
```

​		创建pem证书： 利用openssl命令输出pem证书

```shell
[root@gitlab ~]# openssl dhparam -out /etc/gitlab/ssl/dhparam.pem 2048
Generating DH parameters, 2048 bit long safe prime, generator 2
This is going to take a long time
........................................................+................................................................................+.....................................+..................................................................................+..............................................+..................................................................................................................................+..+........................................................................................................................................+..............................................................................................................................................................................+......+..............+.....................................................+.................+.......................................................................................+..+.................................................................................................................................................+..........................................................+.............+.........+...........................................................+........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................+...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................++*++*
```

​		查看生成的证书：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# ll /etc/gitlab/ssl/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  424 Jan  2 15:46 dhparam.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1265 Jan  2 15:39 gitlab.example.com.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1066 Jan  2 15:32 gitlab.example.com.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1679 Jan  2 15:30 gitlab.example.com.key
```

​		更改文件权限：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# chmod 600 /etc/gitlab/ssl/*
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# ll /etc/gitlab/ssl/
total 16
-rw------- 1 root root  424 Jan  2 15:46 dhparam.pem
-rw------- 1 root root 1265 Jan  2 15:39 gitlab.example.com.crt
-rw------- 1 root root 1066 Jan  2 15:32 gitlab.example.com.csr
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Jan  2 15:30 gitlab.example.com.key
```

​		配置 gitlab：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# cp /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb{,.bak}
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
## 更改如下
 13 external_url 'https://gitlab.example.com'  13行左右
952 nginx['redirect_http_to_https'] = true
964 nginx['ssl_certificate'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.crt"
965 nginx['ssl_certificate_key'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab.example.com.key"
979 # nginx['ssl_dhparam'] = "/etc/gitlab/ssl/dhparam.pem" # Path to dhparams.pem, eg. /etc/gitlab/ssl/dhparams.pem
```

​		初始化gitlab相关服务配置：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure
Starting Chef Client, version 13.6.4
resolving cookbooks for run list: ["gitlab"]
Synchronizing Cookbooks:
  - gitlab (0.0.1)
  - package (0.1.0)
  - postgresql (0.1.0)
  - redis (0.1.0)
  - mattermost (0.1.0)
  - registry (0.1.0)
  - gitaly (0.1.0)
  - consul (0.0.0)
  - nginx (0.1.0)
  - runit (0.14.2)
  - letsencrypt (0.1.0)
  - acme (3.1.0)
  - crond (0.1.0)
  - compat_resource (12.19.0)
Installing Cookbook Gems:
Compiling Cookbooks...
Recipe: gitlab::default
  * directory[/etc/gitlab] action create
    - change mode from '0755' to '0775'
  Converging 493 resources
  * directory[/etc/gitlab] action create (up to date)
  * directory[Create /var/opt/gitlab] action create
    - create new directory /var/opt/gitlab
    - change mode from '' to '0755'
    - change owner from '' to 'root'
    - change group from '' to 'root'
  * directory[/opt/gitlab/embedded/etc] action create
    - create new directory /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc
    - change mode from '' to '0755'
    - change owner from '' to 'root'
    - change group from '' to 'root'
  * template[/opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/gitconfig] action create
    - create new file /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/gitconfig
    - update content in file /opt/gitlab/embedded/etc/gitconfig from none to 987af3

。。。。过程有点长，需要等一会（看个人服务器配置了）
Running handlers:
Running handlers complete
Chef Client finished, 454/655 resources updated in 02 minutes 16 seconds
gitlab Reconfigured!
# 出现这个表示配置没有问题！
```

​		重启 gitlab：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl restart
ok: run: alertmanager: (pid 6526) 1s
ok: run: gitaly: (pid 6543) 0s
ok: run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 6556) 0s
ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 6579) 1s
ok: run: logrotate: (pid 6589) 0s
ok: run: nginx: (pid 6597) 1s
ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 6681) 0s
ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 6687) 1s
ok: run: postgresql: (pid 6698) 0s
ok: run: prometheus: (pid 6706) 0s
ok: run: redis: (pid 6722) 0s
ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 6856) 0s
ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 6866) 0s
ok: run: unicorn: (pid 6880) 0s
#  可以看出gitlab的所有服务重启完成
```

#### 12.浏览器登录 gitlab

​		https://gitlab.example.com

![img](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/ihL-gBXxpxFoNE25P-tY9g.png)        

#### 13.Gitlab 添加 SMTP 邮件功能

​		配置邮件功能：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# grep -P "^[^#].*smtp_|user_email|gitlab_email" /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_address'] = "smtp.163.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_port'] = 465
gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] = "zhuangyaovip@163.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_password'] = "FULLECVMSVNBSDJH"
gitlab_rails['smtp_domain'] = "163.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_authentication'] = "login"
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] = true
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_enabled'] = true
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] = 'zhuangyaovip@163.com'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_display_name'] = 'Example'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_reply_to'] = '1311529042@qq.com'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_subject_suffix'] = 'gitlab'
# gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_smime_enabled'] = false
# gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_smime_key_file'] = '/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab_smime.key'
# gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_smime_cert_file'] = '/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab_smime.crt'
# gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_smime_ca_certs_file'] = '/etc/gitlab/ssl/gitlab_smime_cas.crt'
# user['git_user_email'] = "gitlab@#{node['fqdn']}"
```

​		停止gitlab服务：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl stop
ok: down: gitaly: 0s, normally up
ok: down: gitlab-monitor: 1s, normally up
ok: down: gitlab-workhorse: 0s, normally up
ok: down: logrotate: 1s, normally up
ok: down: nginx: 0s, normally up
ok: down: node-exporter: 1s, normally up
ok: down: postgres-exporter: 0s, normally up
ok: down: postgresql: 0s, normally up
ok: down: prometheus: 0s, normally up
ok: down: redis: 0s, normally up
ok: down: redis-exporter: 1s, normally up
ok: down: sidekiq: 0s, normally up
ok: down: unicorn: 1s, normally up
```

​		修改配置后需要初始化配置：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure
......
```

​		启动服务：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-ctl start
ok: run: gitaly: (pid 37603) 0s
ok: run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 37613) 0s
ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 37625) 0s
ok: run: logrotate: (pid 37631) 0s
ok: run: nginx: (pid 37639) 1s
ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 37644) 0s
ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 37648) 1s
ok: run: postgresql: (pid 37652) 0s
ok: run: prometheus: (pid 37660) 1s
ok: run: redis: (pid 37668) 0s
ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 37746) 0s
ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 37750) 1s
ok: run: unicorn: (pid 37757) 0s
```

​		Gitlab 发送邮件测试：

```shell
[root@cicd-gitlab ~]# gitlab-rails console 
Loading production environment (Rails 4.2.10)
irb(main):001:0>  Notify.test_email('1311529042@qq.com', 'Message Subject', 'Message Body').deliver_now

Notify#test_email: processed outbound mail in 2219.5ms

Sent mail to user@destination.com (2469.5ms)
Date: Fri, 04 May 2018 15:50:10 +0800
From: Admin <username@domain.cn>
Reply-To: Admin <username@domain.cn>
To: user@destination.com
Message-ID: <5aec10b24cfaa_93933fee282db10c162d@vm1.mail>
Subject: Message Subject
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/html;
 charset=UTF-8tt
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
X-Auto-Response-Suppress: All

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
<html><body><p>Message Body</p></body></html>

=> #<Mail::Message:70291731344240, Multipart: false, Headers: <Date: Fri, 04 May 2018 15:50:10 +0800>, <From: Admin <username@domain.cn>>, <Reply-To: Admin <username@domain.cn>>, <To: user@destination.com>, <Message-ID: <5aec10b24cfaa_93933fee282db10c162d@vm1.mail>>, <Subject: Message Subject>, <Mime-Version: 1.0>, <Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8>, <Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit>, <Auto-Submitted: auto-generated>, <X-Auto-Response-Suppress: All>>
irb(main):002:0>quit 
```

​		邮箱客户端查看邮件：

![img](https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/CxvKSD_S_9OPuLnUX2N4Mg.png)        

## 五：Gitlab 开发代码提交处理流程

#### 1.公司代码提交合并流程

​		PM（项目主管/项目经理）在gitlab创建任务，分配给开发人员

​		开发人员领取任务后，在本地使用git clone拉取代码库

​		开发人员创建开发分支（git checkout -b dev），并进行开发

​		开发人员完成之后，提交到本地仓库（git commit ）

​		开发人员在gitlab界面上申请分支合并请求（Merge request）

​		PM在gitlab上查看提交和代码修改情况，确认无误后，确认将开发人员的分支合并到主分支（master）

​		开发人员在gitlab上Mark done确认开发完成，并关闭