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<h1><center>数据库日志管理</center></h1>
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**作者：行癫（盗版必究）**
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------
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## 一：日志管理
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<img src="https://xingdian-image.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/xingdian-image/image-20220925214046253.png" alt="image-20220925214046253" style="zoom:50%;" />
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#### 1.日志分类
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错误日志 ：启动，停止，关闭失败报错。rpm安装日志位置 /var/log/mysqld.log
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通用查询日志：所有的查询都记下来
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二进制日志：实现备份，增量备份。只记录改变数据，除了select都记
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中继日志：读取主服务器的binlog，在本地回放。保持一致
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slow log：慢查询日志，指导调优，定义某一个查询语句，定义超时时间，通过日志提供调优建议给开发人员
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DDL log： 定义语句的日志
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#### 2.Error Log
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```shell
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log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
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```
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#### 3.Binary Log
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```
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log-bin=/var/log/mysql-bin/slave2
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server-id=2
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[root@slave2 ~]# mkdir /var/log/mysql-bin
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[root@slave2 ~]# chown mysql.mysql /var/log/mysql-bin/
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[root@slave2 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
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```
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注意：
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需要提前开启
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查看binlog日志：
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```shel
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[root@slave2 ~]# mysqlbinlog slave2-bin.000001 -v --base64-output=decode-rows
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时间点 ： 141126 14:04:49
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位置点 : at 106
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注：
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1. 重启mysqld 会截断
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2. flush logs 会截断
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3. reset master 删除所有binlog rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*.000001
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4. 删除部分
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PURGE BINARY LOGS TO 'mysql-bin.010';
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PURGE BINARY LOGS BEFORE '2019-04-02 22:46:26';
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截取binlog
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all：
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# mysqlbinlog mysql.000002
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datetime：
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# mysqlbinlog mysql.000002 --start-datetime="2018-12-05 10:02:56"
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# mysqlbinlog mysql.000002 --stop-datetime="2018-12-05 11:02:54"
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# mysqlbinlog mysql.000002 --start-datetime="2018-12-05 10:02:56" --stop-datetime="2018-12-05 11:02:54"
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position：
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# mysqlbinlog mysql.000002 --start-position=260
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# mysqlbinlog mysql.000002 --stop-position=260
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# mysqlbinlog mysql.000002 --start-position=260 --stop-position=930
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```
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#### 4.Slow Query Log
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开启慢查询日志：
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```shell
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[root@xingdian ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
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slow_query_log=1
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slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql-slow/slow.log
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long_query_time=3 设置慢查询超时时间 单位是：秒
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```
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创建对应目录：
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```shell
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[root@xingdian ~]# mkdir /var/log/mysql-slow
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[root@xingdian ~]# chown mysql.mysql mysql-slow
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```
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重启服务：
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```shell
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[root@xingdian ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
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```
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验证：
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```shell
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[root@xingdian ~]# mysql -uroot -pQianFeng@123
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mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
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Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
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Your MySQL connection id is 2
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Server version: 5.7.39-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
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Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
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Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
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affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
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owners.
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Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
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mysql> select sleep(6);
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+----------+
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| sleep(6) |
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+----------+
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| 0 |
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+----------+
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1 row in set (6.00 sec)
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mysql> exit
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Bye
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[root@xingdian ~]# cat /var/log/mysql-slow/slow.log
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/usr/sbin/mysqld, Version: 5.7.39-log (MySQL Community Server (GPL)). started with:
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Tcp port: 0 Unix socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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Time Id Command Argument
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# Time: 2022-09-25T06:58:05.496205Z
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# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [] Id: 2
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# Query_time: 6.007094 Lock_time: 0.000000 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 0
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SET timestamp=1664089085;
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select sleep(6);
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```
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